1-1   Definition of Matter
1-2   States of Matter
1-3   Composition of Matter
1-4   Chemical and Physical Properties
1-5   Chemical and Physical Changes
1-6   Conservation of Mass
1-7   Energy
1-8   Definition of Energy
1-9   Forms of Energy
1-10   Types of Reactions (Exothermic versus Endothermic)
1-11   Conservation of Energy
1-12   Conservation of Mass and Energy
1-13   Measurements and Calculations
1-14   The Scientific Method
1-15   Making Observations
1-16   SI System
1-17   Temperature Measurements
1-18   Heat Measurements
1-19   Scientific Notation
1-20   Dimensional Analysis
1-21   Precision, Accuracy, and Uncertainty
1-22   Significant Figures
1-23   Calculations with Significant Figures
1-24   Chapter Summary
1-25  Chapter Review Exercises

2-1  History
2-2  Electric Nature of Atoms
2-3  Basic Electric Charges
2-4  Bohr Model
2-5  Components of Atomic Structure
2-6  Calculating Average Atomic Mass
2-7  Valence
2-9  Metallic, NonMetallic, and Noble Gas Structures
2-10  Reactivity
2-11  Atomic Spectra
2-12  Spectroscopy
2-13  The Wave-Mechanical Model
2-14  Quantum Numbers
2-15  Aufbau Principle
2-16  Hund's Rule of Maximum Multiplicity
2-17  Sublevels and Electron Configuration
2-18  Order of Filling and Notation
2-19  Electron Dot Notation (Lewis Dot Structures)
2-20  Transition Elements
2-21  Periodic Table of the Elements
2-22  History
2-23  Periodic Law
2-24  The Table
2-25  Properties Related to the Periodic Table
2-26  Radii of Atoms
2-27  Atomic Radii in Periods
2-28  Atomic Radii in Groups
2-29  Ionic Radius Compared to Atomic Radius
2-30  Electronegativity
2-31  Ionization Energy
2-32  Chapter Summary
2-33  Chapter Review Exercises

3-1  Types of Bonds
3-2  Ionic Bonds
3-3  Covalent Bonds
3-4  Metallic Bonds
3-5  Intermolecular Forces of Attraction
3-6  Dipole-Dipole Attraction
3-7  London Dispersion Forces
3-8  Hydrogen Bonds
3-9  Double and Triple Bonds
3-10  Resonance Structures
3-11  Electrostatic Repulsion (VSEPR) and Hybridization
3-12  Electrostatic Repulsion (VSEPR)
3-13  VSEPR and Unshared Electron Pairs
3-14  VSEPR and Molecular Geometry
3-15  Hybridization
3-16  Sigma and Pi Bonds
3-17  Properties of Ionic Substances
3-18  Properties of Molecular Crystals and Liquids
3-19  Chapter Summary
3-20  Chapter Review Exercises

4-1  Law of Definite Composition and Multiple Proportions
4-2  Writing Chemical Formulas
4-3  Naming Compounds from Their Formulas
4-4  Physical and Chemical Changes
4-5  Acids
4-6  Putting It All Together
4-7  Chemical Formulas
4-8  Balancing Simple Reaction Equations
4-9  Writing Ionic Equations
4-10  Chapter Summary
4-11  Chapter Review Exercises

5-1  Introduction - Gases in the Environment
5-2  Some Representative Gases
5-3  Oxygen
5-4  Hydrogen
5-5  General Characteristics of Gases
5-6  Measuring the Pressure of a Gas
5-7  Kinetic Molecular Theory
5-8  Some Particular Properties of Gases
5-9  Gas Laws and Related Problems
5-10  Graham's Law
5-11  Charles's Law
5-12  Boyle's Law
5-13  Combined Gas Law
5-14  Pressure Versus Temperature
5-15  Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures
5-16  Corrections of Pressure
5-17  Ideal Gas Law
5-18  Ideal Gas Deviations
5-19  Chapter Summary
5-20  Chapter Review Exercises

6-1  Solving Problems
6-2  The Mole Concept
6-3  Molar Mass and Moles
6-4  Gas Volumes and Molar Mass
6-5  Density and Molar Mass
6-6  Mole-Mole Relationships
6-7  Mass-Mass Problems
6-8  Volume-Volume Problems
6-9  Mass-Volume or Volume-Mass Problems
6-10  Problems with an Excess of One Reactant
6-11  Percent Yield of a Product
6-12  Chapter Summary
6-13  Chapter Review Exercises

7-1  Liquids
7-2  Importance of Intermolecular Interaction
7-3  Kinetics of Liquids
7-4  Viscosity
7-5  Surface Tension
7-6  Phase Equilibrium
7-7  Boiling Point
7-8  Critical Temperature and Pressure
7-9  Solids
7-10  Phase Diagrams
7-11  Water
7-12  History of Water
7-13  Purification of Water
7-14  Composition of Water
7-15  Properties and Uses of Water
7-16  Water Calorimetry Problems
7-17  Reactions of Water with Anhydrides
7-18  Polarity and Hydrogen Bonding
7-19  Solubility
7-20  General Rules of Solubility
7-21  Factors That Affect Rate of Solubility
7-22  Summary of Types of Solutes and Relationship of Type to Solubility
7-23  Water Solutions
7-24  Continuum of Water Mixtures
7-25  Expressions of Concentration
7-26  Using Specific Gravity in Solutions
7-27  Dilution
7-28  Colligative Properties of Solutions
7-29  Crystallization
7-30  Chapter Summary
7-31  Chapter Review Exercises

8-1  Types of Reactions
8-2  Predicting Reactions
8-3  Combination (Synthesis)
8-4  Decomposition (analysis)
8-5  Single Replacement
8-6  Double Replacement
8-7  Hydrolysis Reactions
8-8  Entropy
8-9  Thermochemistry
8-10  Changes in Enthalpy
8-11  Additivity of Reaction Heats and Hess's Law
8-12  Bond Dissociation Energy
8-13  Enthalpy from Bond Energies
8-14  Chapter Summary
8-15  Chapter Review Exercises

9-1  Measurements of Reaction Rates
9-2  Factors Affecting Reaction Rates
9-3  Collision Theory of Reaction Rates
9-4  Activation Energy
9-5  Reaction Rate Law
9-6  Reaction Mechanism and Rates of Reaction
9-7  Chapter Summary
9-8  Chapter Review Exercises

10-1  Reversible Reactions and Equilibrium
10-2  Le Châtelier's Principle
10-3  Effects of Changing Conditions
10-4  Effect of Chaning Concentrations
10-5  Effect of Temperature on Equilibrium
10-6  Effect of Pressure on Equilibrium
10-7  Equilibria in Heterogeneous Systems
10-8  Equilibrium Constant for Systems Involving Solids
10-9  Acid Ionization Constants
10-10  Solubility Products
10-11  Common-Ion Effect
10-12  Factors Related to the Magnitude of K
10-13  Relation of Minimum Energy (Enthalpy) to Maximum Disorder (Entropy)
10-14  Change in Free Energy of a System-Gibbs Equation
10-15  Chapter Summary
10-16  Chapter Review Exercises

11-1  Acids
11-2  Bases
11-3  Broader Acid-Base Theories
11-4  Conjugate Acids and Bases
11-5  Acid Concentration Expressed as pH
11-6  Indicators
11-7  Titration-Volumetric Analysis
11-8  Buffer Solutions
11-9  Salts
11-10  Amphoteric Substances
11-11  Acid Rain-An Environmental Concern
11-12  Chapter Summary
11-13  Chapter Review Exercises

12-1  Inonization
12-2  Oxidation-Reduction and Electrochemistry
12-3  Electrochemistry
12-4  Oxidation States
12-5  Combustion Reactions
12-6  Galvanic (or Voltaic) Cells
12-7  Electrode Potentials
12-8  Electrolytic Cells
12-9  Applications of Electrochemical Cells (Commercial Galvanic Cells)
12-10  Balancing Redox Equations
12-11  The Half-Reaction Method
12-12  Chapter Summary
12-13  Chapter Review Exercises

13-1  Sulfur Family
13-2  Sulfuric Acid
13-3  Other Important Compounds of Sulfur
13-4  Halogen Family
13-5  Testing for Halides
13-6  Some Important Halides and Their Uses
13-7  Uses of Halogens
13-8  Nitrogen Family
13-9  Nitric Acid
13-10  Other Important Compounds of Nitrogen
13-11  Other Members of the Nitrogen Family
13-12  Metals
13-13  Properties of Metals
13-14  Some Important Reduction Methods
13-15  Alloys
13-16  Metalloids
13-17  Chapter Summary
13-18  Chapter Review Exercises

14-1  Carbon
14-2  Forms of Carbon
14-3  Carbon Dioxide
14-4  Organic Chemistry
14-5  Hydrocarbons
14-6  Changing Hydrocarbons
14-7  Hydrocarbon Derivatives
14-8  Chapter Summary
14-9  Chapter Review Exercises

15-1  Radioactivity
15-2  The Nature of Radioactive Emissions
15-3  Methods of Detection of Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Rays
15-4  Decay Series and Transmutations
15-5  Radioactive Dating
15-6  Nuclear Energy
15-7  Conditions for Fission
15-8  Methods of Obtating Fissionable Material
15-9  Fusion
15-10  Radiation Exposure
15-11  Chapter Summary
15-12  Chapter Review Exercises

16-1  Laboratory Safety Rules
16-2  Technology in the Laboratory
16-3  Some Basic Setups
16-4  Summary of Qualitative Tests
16-5  Chapter Review Exercises